Marie of France, Countess of Champagne

Known for: French princess whose birth was a disappointment to parents who wanted a son to inherit the French throne Occupation: Countess of Champagne, regent for her husband and then for her son Dates: 1145 - March 11, 1198 Confusion with Marie de France, Poet Sometimes confused with Marie de France, Mary of France, a medieval poet of England in the 12th century whose Lais of Marie de France survive along with a translation of Aesops Fables into the English of the time -- and perhaps others works. About Marie of France, Countess of Champagne Marie was born to Eleanor of Aquitaine and Louis VII of France. That marriage was already shaky when Eleanor gave birth to a second daughter, Alix, in 1151, and the pair realized that they were not likely to have a son. Salic Law was interpreted to mean that a daughter or daughters husband could not inherit the crown of France. Eleanor and Louis had their marriage annulled in 1152, Eleanor left first for Aquitaine and then married the heir to Englands crown, Henry Fitzempress. Alix and Marie were left in France with their father and, later, stepmothers. Marriage In 1160, when Louis married his third wife, Adà ¨le of Champagne, Louis betrothed his daughters Alix and Marie to brothers of his new wife. Marie and Henry, Count of Champagne, were married in 1164. Henry went to fight in the Holy Land, leaving Marie as his regent. While Henry was away, Maries half-brother, Philip, succeeded their father as king, and seized the dower lands of his mother, Adà ¨le of Champagne, who was also Maries sister-iin-law. Marie and others joined Adà ¨le in opposing Philips action; by the time Henry returned from the Holy Land, Marie and Philip had settled their conflict. Widowhood When Henry died in 1181, Marie served as regent for their son, Henry II, until 1187. When Henry II went to the Holy Land to fight in a crusade, Marie again served as regent. Henry died in 1197, and Maries younger son Theobold succeeded him. Marie entered a convent and died in 1198. Courts of Love Marie may have been a patron of Andrà © le Chapelain (Andreas Capellanus), author of one of the works on courtly love, as a chaplain who served Marie was named Andreas (and Chapelain or Capellanus means chaplain). In the book, he attributes judgments to Marie and to her mother, Eleanor of Aquitaine, among others. Some sources accept the claim that the book, De Amore and known in English as The Art of Courtly Love, was written at the request of Marie. There is no solid historical evidence that Marie of France -- with or without her mother -- presided at courts of love in France, though some writers have made that claim. Also known as:  Marie Capet; Marie de France; Marie, Countess of Champagne Background, Family: Mother:  Eleanor of AquitaineFather:  Louis VII of France  Stepmothers:  Constance of Castile, then Adà ¨le of ChampagneFull siblings: sister  Alix, Countess  of Blois; half siblings (father Louis VII): Marguerite of France, Alys of France, Philip II of France, Agnes of France. She also had half-siblings from her mothers second marriage, but theres not much evidence she interacted with them. Marriage, Children: husband: Henry I, Count of Champagne (married 1164)children:Scholastique of Champagne, married to William V of MaconHenry II of Champagne, 1166-1197Marie of Champagne, married to Baldwin I of ConstantinopleTheobald III of Champagne, 1179-1201

Marxism Of The Cold War And The Triumph Of Capitalism

Marxism has found great appeal as a political thought for several class-based revolution and have been the theoretical basis for the policies and politics of several regimes across the world. However, most governments and rulers have interpreted the political writings of Marx in their own way and consequently; several of the policies of these so-called Marxist states are often dramatically different and conflicting from the basis of Marxism. Since the end of the Cold War and the triumph of capitalism, it became commonplace to assume that the ideas of Marx could be safely consigned to the dustbin of history. They needed an alternative to capitalism after the failed experiment of the Soviet Union, and after two decades of this, there appears to be a renaissance. Marx theories were seen excessively concerned with the role of economics in determining all aspects of social and political relations, as well as excessively pessimistic, offering few means of genuine escape from the capitalist system. The basic tenet of Marxism is that the world is divided not into politically determined nations but into economically determined by classes. Consequently, politics does not supersede economics, but rather economics trumps politics. The various Marxist theories of international relations agree that the international state system was constructed by capitalists and therefore serves the interests of wealthy states and corporations, which seek to protect and expand their wealth. TheShow MoreRelatedKarl Marx And Its Impact On Society1306 Words   |  6 Pagesone of Capitalism. Under this economic and political system, there is a private ownership of production and consumption, as well as a free market for goods and services. 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The Plant Closure Essay Sample free essay sample

To the employees and staff of the Normal Plant: Good twenty-four hours! During the last three old ages of our company’s operation. our net incomes and stock lists have increased to a important degree that we are now able to prolong our long-run production procedure that will advance the stableness for our company’s standing. However. it has been decided by our company’s board of executive and investors to implement an attack that will expeditiously maximise our usage of resources and investings for our production rhythm. Therefore. upon the receival of this notice until the following six months. our company’s works operations will be consolidated in one production installation viz. the freshly operational works in Moline. This consolidation attack is an effort to better our company’s plus direction and production quality by taking advantage of the promotion of our newest production installation. Consolidation all of our production procedure in the extremely advanced and technological progress installations in the said works is expected to upgrade our merchandise quality and the efficiency of our procedures. We will write a custom essay sample on The Plant Closure Essay Sample or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Other operations peculiarly in Normal Plant is determined to be extremely expensive for the company therefore must be sacrificed to accomplish our end of production development. With the blessing of the consolidation procedure. the operations of Normal Plant will get down to be phased out reassigning most of its production to the Moline Plant. In this facet. many of the workers and employees of the said works will be given chance to reassign to the Moline Plant nevertheless. non all. The employee and worker transportation to the Moline Plant will be subjected to testing and rating O.K.ing merely forces with competent work records with our company. Details pertinent to this affair will be given over the following few months on an single footing. For employees that will non be transferred in the consolidation. hebdomad rupture wage will be given based on the continuance of the service of the person to the company. Details sing this calculation will be given over the following few months but non subsequently than the works closing. For farther notice and informations sing this affair. the direction will posts updates over the undermentioned hebdomads. The procedure of reassigning employees will be initiated get downing the following hebdomad together with the execution of the six-month consolidation process. Thank you really much for your cooperation. Respectfully! Bibliography Sarada. M. ( 2006 ) .The Complete usher to Functional Writing in English. Sterling Publishers Ltd. New Delhi. ISBN: 81-207-2923-4. Harvard Business Essentials ( 2003 ) .Business Communication. Harvard Business School Press. USA. ISBN-10: 159139113X.

Ms Word 2010 free essay sample

REFERENCE TAB: In this article we will show you how to create a reference list using Word 2010. We will also show you how to share you reference with your peers and how to create your own customized reference style. Creating References Microsoft Reference function is accessible from the reference tab. Word 2010 comes with a list of default referencing style. Choose the referencing style that you want to use. Click on the ‘Insert Citation’ button to open the add citation window. Word 2010 allow us to add different source type such as ‘Journal Article’ for our essay. Click on the insert citation button to view a list of your citation and click any of them to create an inline citation in your essay. You can create a bibliography page by clicking on the ‘Bibliography’ button. Sharing Your Reference List Microsoft Word 2010 save your references under %APPDATA%MicrosoftBibliographySources. xml. Open your command line and type echo %APPDATA%. We will write a custom essay sample on Ms Word 2010 or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page This will show you where windows store your APPDATA. In my case Microsoft Word 2010 store my reference list under C:UserszainulAppDataRoamingMicrosoftBibliographySources. xml. Remember that this file will not exist unless you create a reference list. You can copy this XML file to use your references in different computers. You can also copy other references into this XML file. We advise that you should back up Source. xml file periodically so you will not loose your reference list. To merge other references into your reference list just copy any entry inside the b:source into the other Source. xml file. Just make sure that the b:Tag contains a unique value. Creating Custom Reference Style We can create our own referencing style by creating custom XSL files under ‘C:Program FilesMicrosoft OfficeOffice14BibliographyStyle’. For those with exceptional XSL skills you can read  Microsoft Word 2010 blog  to learn how to create custom referencing style. One of the challenge in creating our own XSL file for Microsoft word is that the XSL file itself is quite complicated and it might just be more productive to download a set of custom reference style from  bibword  and place the content of the zip file under ‘C:Program FilesMicrosoft OfficeOffice14BibliographyStyle’ and restart your Microsoft Word. You should see some new reference style from your Word 2010. MAILINGS TAB: Word 2010  includes  Mail Merge  feature, which enables user to create documents (Letter, Emails, Fax etc) that are essentially the same but contains unique elements such as recipient Name, Address, Contact No, City, State, etc. It helps user to create a document for multiple recipients more easily by just selecting recipient names and choosing the document. Personal details of the respective recipient will be automatically added in the document which prevents users to write each recipient’s personal info in every document, eventually saving a lot of time. This post will cover how to use this feature through a simple wizard. Launch Word 2010, navigate to  Mailings  tab, and from  Start  Mail  Merge  options, click  Step by Step Mail Merge Wizard. This will bring up  Mail Merge  dialog at the side of the Word document window, here you can specify type of document you want to create, we will select  Letters,  click  Next:Starting document  from the bottom of the dialog. In this step, you will be provided with different options to create Letters, we will choose simple procedure by selecting by template. Click  Select template. This will bring up  Select template  dialog, choose a suitable template. We will be using  Median Lettertemplate. Click  OK  to continue. At the left side of the window you can see the template is imported into document, from right-pane, clickNext: Select recipients. In this step, you can choose different options to import  recipient  list, we will select an existing list, hit Browse to import desired recipients list. We will be using recipients list created in  Excel 2010. The name of the worksheet is  Mail, which we will import in to Word  Mail Merge. Choose an Excel worksheet, click  Open  to import. Select Table  dialog will appear, now choose the worksheet which contains required data, if first row contains column headings, then enable  First row of data contains column headers  option, and click  OK. You will see the  Mail  worksheet in the  Mail Merge Recipients  dialog. Here you can filter down the recipients on the basis of column headings. If we want to send letters to the recipients living in city  Akron. We will select Akron from  City  drop-down options. Upon click, it will show only the recipients living in Akron. Here you can also perform different actions over the list such as;  Sort, Filter, Find duplicates, Find recipients,  and  validate address. Click  OK  to proceed further. Now navigate to  Mailings  tab, and click  Address  Block. You will reach  Insert Address Block  dialog, from  Specify address elements,  choose format in which you want to show recipient name. Under  Preview  you can see the preview of the changes that affects. UnderCorrect problems, click Match Fields  to insert new field in the letter, as we want to include address of the recipient. Match Fields dialog will appear, now from  Address 1  options select Street. That will include the name of the street. You can also include other fields if required. Click  OK  to continue. You will see the address is added in to the format as shown the screenshot below. Click  OK  to continue. Now we will customize the greeting message, for that navigate to  Mailings  tab, and click  Greeting Line. In  Insert Greeting Line  dialog, you can choose desired greeting format from  Greeting Line format. UnderGreeting line for invalid recipient names  choose the format for unknown recipients. Under Preview, it show the preview of of the changes you made. Click  OK  to continue. Now to make  AddressBlock  more prominent, navigate to  Home  and apply color and font styles over it. Navigate to  Mailings  tab, and from  Finish Merge  menu, click  Edit Individual Documents. It will bring  Merge to  New  Document  dialog, you can choose  Current record,  we will select  All  to view all the recipients. Click  OK  to show the letter of each recipient. Now as you can see in the screenshot below, Mail Merge created letters of each recipients residing in city Akron with their respective street names.

3d Glasses Essay Essay Example

3d Glasses Essay Paper Informative Speech November 15, 2011 CMM 101 E General Purpose: to inform Specific Purpose Statement: To inform my audience of two methods used for 3-D viewing. (concept) CT: There are two different methods used for 3-D viewing: anaglyphs and polarization. (chronological) Introduction: (When I was a little girl about 4 years old I had a toy that allowed me to see images in 3-D. The toy was red and looked a lot like a pair of binoculars. I could put different white circular cut outs in, each with a different set of pictures. If I clicked a little orange lever the picture would change. (Marshal Brain, founder of howstuffworks. com, which won him 4 awards including Yahoos best science and technology resource in 2004, explains how the toy I am describing and binocular vision works. The toy is called a view master or stereoscopic viewer. The view master imitates how our eyes already work, by using binocular vision. Our eyes are about 2 ? inches apart giving them slightly different views a t the same time allowing for depth perception. ) (â€Å"People only see what they are prepared to see. † , said classic American poet Ralph Waldo Emerson. Our brains and eyes are prepared to see life in 3 dimensions and pictures in 2 dimensions. We are unable to create a sense of depth perception for TV. and movies because both of our eyes are taking in the same image. (I went to see Lion King in 3-D with some friends. Katie had never seen a 3-D movie before. During the movie I saw something move out of the corner of my eye. I realized it was Katie raising her hand in front of her to touch the images. I laughed and she smiled back at me with a quick shrug of her shoulders. ) I had never really thought about how the producers created a 3-D effect before. Director James Cameron, the first director to produce two movies grossing over $ 1 billion announced, â€Å"Every cinema will be capable of showing 3D movies in the next five years. † While 3D may not yet be this exclus ive, 3-D technology has come a long way. (So how exactly do the images of Timon and Pumba singing Hakuna Mattatah seem to start dancing off the screen? ) We will be discussing two methods of 3-D viewing. First we will look at anaglyphs and then polarization. Transition: We all remember those silly cardboard glasses with one blue lens and one red one. They were used in things like comic books and found in cereal boxes. We could put them on and turn a distorted red and blue blurry image into a neat pop off the page clear picture. I. The first method used for 3-D viewing was anaglyphs. A. Anaglyphs were the earliest method of presenting theatrical 3-D. 1. In 1922 â€Å"The Power of Love† was the first 3-D movie. a. The movie used 2 camera two projector 3-D technology according to Internet Movie Database,developed by Harry K. Fairhall and Robert F. Elder at the Ambassador Hotel Theater in Los Angeles. B. Anaglyph systems do not require much specialized hardware. . According to director and writer Fred Wilder, anaglyphs take advantage of binocular viewing, by secluding each eye to take in a similar but separate image. a. Two images are shown simultaneously on one screen through separate filters. b. The images are seen through two matching filters in the lenses of the glasses. 2. Anaglyphs do not allow for full color viewing. Tr ansition:. According to Forbes and New York Times magazine writer Mary Bellis, who has been writing about inventors since 1997, the Polaroid was invented by Edwin Land in 1948, but didnt become very popular until 1965. We will write a custom essay sample on 3d Glasses Essay specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on 3d Glasses Essay specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on 3d Glasses Essay specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer After the golden age of 3-D in the 1950s the technology lost its appeal to viewers. People would rather see movies in color. It wasnt until the invention of the Polaroid that 3-D would be forever changed. II. The second method used for 3-D viewing is polarization. A. There are two types of polarization linear and circular, both allowing full color viewing. 1. The major feature polarization allows for is full color viewing. 2. The Oxford English dictionary defines polarization as with the use of an object, physics restrict the vibrations of a transverse wave, especially light wholly or partially to one direction. . Polarized light requires a device of some sort to block the vibrations in all directions except one. B. One type of polarization is linear. 1. Linear polarization uses differently polarized lights to create a 3-D effect, explains John Jerit, owner of American Paper Optics, a 3-D glasses manufacturer. a. Clear glasses with the similar polarization lenses are worn to filter t he opposing light sources. 2. Viewers must keep their heads level in order not to distort the image. a. Changing ones view perspective will cause channels to bleed into each other. C. A second type of polarization is circular. . Circular polarization works similarly to linear polarization. a. A major difference between the two types is the total number of images presented on the viewing screen. b. Circular polarization is the method used for RealD 3-D. Conclusion: 3-D started millions of years ago with the first humans to look around. We see life in 3-D, and now movies, television, and video games too. Now when you go to see your first or next 3-D movie you will know how images fly off the screen. However, you will probably still want to touch the objects flying at you like Katie did. Emerson, Ralph, Waldo. The Essential Writings of Ralph Waldo Emerson. Modern Library, 2000. eBook. Child, Ben. James Cameron expects 100% 3D in the next five years. the guardian. 12 April 2011: n. page. Web. 12 Nov. 2011. Jerit, John. How do linear polarized glasses work?. 3d Glasses online. Centrasource interactive agency, 2010. Web. 12 Nov 2011. LaLena, Michael. Which 3D theater to choose. DIY audio and visual. lalena network, 2011. Web. 12 Nov 2011. Brain, Marshall. How 3-D Glasses Work 18 July 2003. Web. 12 November 2011. Wilder, Fred. Anaglyph 3D know-how. stcroix studios. Fred Wilder studio, 2004. Web. 12 Nov 2011. admin, . Circular polarized 3d glasses vs. linear polorized 3D glasses. 3D cameras review. N. p. , 15 Jan 2011. Web. 12 Nov 2011. polarize. Oxford Dictionaries. April 2010. Oxford Dictionaries. April 2010. Oxford University Press. 12 November 2011 Henderson, Tom. â€Å"How do we know light behaves as a wave. †: Polarization. The Physics Classroom Tutorial. 2011. Web. 12 Nov 2011. Bellis, Mary. â€Å"Polaroid photography. Instant photography. † The New York Times Company. 2011. Web. 12 Nov 2011 â€Å"Trivia: The Power of love. † Internet Movie Database. 2011. Web. 12 Nov 2011.

Coronary Artery Disease Essays - Medicine, Circulatory System, RTT

Coronary Artery Disease Essays - Medicine, Circulatory System, RTT Coronary Artery Disease Student's Name University affiliation Course Instructor Date Coronary Artery Disease Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) is the most common of the known heart diseases. This disease develops when the arteries that supply the heart with blood, nutrients and oxygen are damaged. Coronary Artery Disease is characterized with hardened and narrowed blood vessels as result of the buildup of cholesterol and other materials known as plague in the arterial walls (Wessel, 2004). Plague and cholesterol block the arteries making it hard for them to transport blood, nutrient and even oxygen to other parts of the body where they are needed. The heart muscles fail to get blood and oxygen and can lead to a severe heart attack or angina. If this problem continues for a long time, a person can suffer from a heart failure and/or arrhythmias. These two conditions are fatal if not treated as soon as they are detected. The development of the coronary artery can be a gradual process. There are a number of risk factors that are associated with CAD such as the height of a person, obesity, body m etabolic index BMI, physical fitness, and lifestyle. In most cases, it starts from the young age and develops slowly up to the old age. When the arteries are narrowed, they tend to develop new blood vessels as a way of trying to get the blood to the heart. However, the mushrooming blood vessels do not manage to supply the required blood to the heart. Instead, what happens is that they cause more blockage of the main artery. Sometimes, because of increase blood pressure, the plague raptures and blocks the blood supply to the heart. Coronary artery disease is a serious disease and can be avoided only by practicing a healthy lifestyle. It is the most common heart disease in the United States affecting more than 15 million Americans (Borgeraas et al., 2014). In the United Kingdom, Coronary Artery Disease is the most feared human killer among the known diseases. Over 2.3 million people, comprising 1.4 million and 0.85 million men and women respectively are living CAD in the United Kingdom (Borgeraas et al., 2014). In this paper, I will p rovide a comprehensive review of two research papers related to the coronary artery disease. In each paper, I will look at the hypothesis of the study, population used in the research and the study design of the article. The two research papers are: Relationship of Physical Fitness versus Body Mass Index with Coronary Artery Disease and Cardiovascular Events in Women by Wessel. The other research paper that I will review is, Genetically Determined Height and Coronary Artery Disease by Nelson et al. Relationship of the Physical Fitness vs. the Body Mass Index (BMI) with Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) and Cardio Vascular (CV) Events in Women Study hypothesis - The authors of this study hypothesized that there exist a relationship between obesity, waist circumference, waist height ratio and waist-hip ratio and the physical fitness and the postmenopausal estrogen with coronary artery disease risk factors, adverse cardiovascular and angiographic coronary artery disease events in women evaluated for suspected myocardial ischemia (Colombo et al., 2015; Wessel, 2004). Population-Multicenter prospective cohort study - 936 women were enrolled at four US academic medical centers at the time of clinically indicated coronary angiography (Wessel, 2004). Study Design-Among the adult women and men in the US, close to two-thirds are overweight and also more than one-third are obese, and these proportions are rapidly increasing. There have been previous studies that show physical activity, and fitness is predictive of Cardio Vascular risk. However, many studies of physical activity and fitness have excluded women with known or suspected Coronary Heart Disease (CHD). The Roles of obesity and fitness as independent risk factors for CHD and adverse events in women remain unresolved (Wessel, 2004). This study was observational in nature, across four years 936 women were enrolled in this study. Enrollees were initially assessed, and a follow-up was conducted six weeks after enrollment and then yearly. The Participants were questioned about the occurrence of adverse events, and if they responded with any adverse events physicians were reached out to for confirmation, dates, and any documentation available (Wessel, 2004). To evaluate physical fitness, the

What is Entreprenurship Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

What is Entreprenurship - Essay Example Therefore, by exploring the behaviours of Branson, there are substantial skills that can be identified in order to determine the definition of entrepreneurship. Branson managed to establish the Virgin Group through targeting the business verticals, which are not run appropriately by other people, and he is motivated by the compulsive desire to do things in a way that he believed they should be done. In this case, there are two traits that have been identified, which are the ability to identify an opportunity, confidence and self-determination. He is also adventurous given that Virgin Company is an adventurous venture, and this has contributed to the spirit of building the brand and the company. The other characteristic of an entrepreneur is breaking rules, which is an attribute, which describes the difference between Branson’s entrepreneurial philosophies. In this case, breaking the rules refers to the willingness to experiment in numerous instances in order to learn a something for the experience. In conclusion, the paper has described entrepreneurship using the Branson’s personal traits as a successful

Ethical Decision Making Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Ethical Decision Making - Assignment Example This article also introduces the moral aspect of making suitable decision through a number of morality theories in society. Introduction The application of ethical concepts in various fields has provided numerous benefits to parties that are affected by criminal activities in society. However, during certain instances law enforcers face a number of challenges in the process of following provisions in the code of ethics hence introducing moral issues when solving these situations. This discourse places its focus on ethical decision-making and the implication of decisions made to various individuals and the society. Question 1 In this case, the best decision to make would be to approach the lieutenant’s supervisors and report the planned exoneration of the lieutenant’s brother from a certain case. This decision would be advised by the theory of utilitarianism and concepts in value ethics. First, according to the theory of utilitarian ethics an action is ethical if it resu lts to a higher number of positive consequences. Therefore, choosing not to follow the lieutenant’s advice would be moral since it would result to benefits such as availing justice to the offended in this case, cleaning of the criminal investigation department of unprofessional officers and abiding by the oath serving and protecting the citizens (Kapp,2004). Secondly, virtue ethics requires that the actions of an individual should portray suitable characteristics hence in this situation the officer is required to uphold honesty and transparency. This will ensure that the offended party receives justice through prosecution of the violators of the law (Ferrell, Fraedrich, and Ferrell, 2013) Question two According to ethics, making a decision based on the lieutenant’s report may result to a number of implications. These implications may affect individuals, the criminal investigation unit, and the law. Making a criminal investigations report based on compromised evidence a ffects individuals in a number of ways. First, making a report based on altered information may result to formation of a different case against offenders. This may result to denial of justice to the offended as the offender is left scot-free. According to ethical theories of consequentialism, this action would be immoral. Secondly, compiling of a criminal investigation report based on altered reports erodes the credibility of the criminal investigation unit (Kapp, 2004). This is because cases resulting from certain reports because more harm since perpetrators are left free hence a repeat of the crime may occur. According to virtue ethics, individual characters should enhance the compliance with the law. However, in this case compiling a report based on incomplete information makes serious violations on the law and virtue ethics. This may set an undesirable precedent in law enforcing organizations thus resulting to increased incidences of violation of the law and the code of ethics i n the criminal investigation units. Question three Approaching the lieutenant’s supervisors on this case would have various implications. First, approaching the supervisors on this case may result to a strained relationship among colleagues in the criminal investigation unit. This would hamper efficient operation of the department hence resulting to

Short Answer 2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Short Answer 2 - Essay Example Apart from sexual harassment, female workers usually do not get much appreciation from the managers even they show more dedication to their jobs as compared to men. For example, if in a meeting a female employee raises an issue, she doesn’t get attention from the manager but if the same issue is raised by a male employee, the issue is given importance and steps are taken to solve the issue. Such laws should be made which should protect the rights of women in any workplace. Such laws include right to get promotion, right of expressing the point of views, and protection against sexual harassment. Another way to promote equality is by eradicating the factor of discrimination from the job interviews. This can be done by hiring the candidates based on their skills and abilities instead of gender. â€Å"Although many laws have been passed to stop discrimination against women in the workplace there are still barriers to overcome in job interviews† (Craine). If I was a woman Staley worker, I would have shown an extraordinary and notable enthusiasm in order to stand against the opposing forces. I would have gotten involved in the union’s struggle in order to build consciousness all across the country regarding a need to show workers’ resistance and stand up to the employers’ concessions demands. One of the lessons which can be concluded from the experience of Staley workers is that workers should never give up the struggle or show nervousness in any kind of difficult situation. Staley workers had a good cause of building consciousness among the workers in order to show resistance to the demands of concessions but the strategy was not well planned which didn’t let them exactly achieve what they desired. Out of all the injustices and problems regarding women, sexual harassment is the most egregious one because it not only creates discomfiture for women but

Windows 7: An overview and analysis

Windows 7: An overview and analysis Windows 7 Windows 7 is the latest the most release version of operating systems produced by Microsoft for use on personal computers, including home and business desktops, laptops, netbooks, tablet PCs, and media center PCs.it uses Kernel type:Hybrid Windows 7 introduced a large number of new features, Presentations given by Microsoft is multi-touch support, Redesigned Windows Shell with a new taskbar,the Superbar Home networking system called HomeGroup, Some applications of Microsoft Windows, including: Windows Calendar, Windows Mail, Windows Movie Maker, and Windows Photo Gallery, are not included in Windows 7 but are offered separately as part of the free Windows Live Essentials suite. Features Windows 7 includes a number of new features, * The new Action Center, which replaces Windows Security Center.When the action center detects a security threat, it displays a thumbnail with problems listed. * such as advances in touch and handwriting recognition, * virtual hard disks for support * multi-core processors with improved performance, * boot performance improved , * DirectAccess, and kernel improvements. * Windows 7 adds support for systems using multiple heterogeneous graphics cards from different vendors (Heterogeneous Multi-adapter), * New version of Windows Media Center, Gadget for Windows Media Center, * the XPS Essentials Pack and Windows PowerShell also being included, * Redesigned Calculator with multiline capabilities such as Programmer and Statistics modes along with unit conversion. * Many new items have been added to the Control Panel,that including ClearType Text Tuner, Display Color Calibration Wizard, Gadgets, Recovery, Troubleshooting, Workspaces Center, Location and Other Sensors, Credential Manager, Biometric Devices, System Icons, and Display. * Windows Security Center has been renamed to Windows Action Center, which has both security and maintenance of the computer. * The default setting for User Account Control in Windows 7 has been criticized for allowing untrusted software to be launched with elevated privileges by exploiting a trusted application. * Windows 7 can also supports Mac-like RAW image viewing through the addition of WIC-enabled image decoders, this enables raw image thumbnails, previewing and metadata display in Windows Explorer,and aslo a plus full-size viewing and slideshows in Windows Photo Viewer and Window Media Center * Quick Launch toolbar has been replaced with pinning applications to the taskbar. Buttons for pinned applications are integrated with the task buttons. These buttons also enable the Jump Lists feature to allow easy access to common tasks.The revamped taskbar also allows the reordering of taskbar buttons. To the far right of the system clock is a small rectangular button that serves as the Show desktop icon. This button is part of the new feature in Windows 7 called Aero Peek. clicking over this button makes all visible windows transparent for a quick look at the desktop. * Additionally, there is a feature named Aero Snap, that automatically maximizes a window when it is dragged to either the top or left/right edges of the screen.This also allows users to snap documents or files on either side of the screen to compare them. When a user moves windows that are maximized, the system restores their previous state automatically. This functionality is also accomplished with keyboard shortcuts. * For developers, Windows 7 includes a new networking API with support for building SOAP-based web services in native code new features shorten application install times, reduced UAC prompts, simplified development of installation packages, and improved globalization support through a new Extended Linguistic Services API. * Microsoft announced that color depths of 30-bit and 48-bit would be supported in Windows 7 along with the wide color gamut scRGB . * The video modes in Windows 7 are 16-bit sRGB, 24-bit sRGB, 30-bit sRGB, 30-bit with extended color gamut sRGB, and 48-bit scRGB. * Windows 7 also includes 13 additional sound schemes, * It aslo allows multiple Windows environments, including Windows XP Mode, to run on the same machine, requiring the use of Intel VT-x or AMD-V. Windows XP Mode runs Windows XP in a virtual machine and redirects displayed applications running in Windows XP to the Windows 7 desktop. * Furthermore Windows 7 supports the mounting of a virtual hard disk (VHD) as a normal data storage, and the bootloader delivered with Windows 7 can boot the Windows system from a VHD. * The Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP) of Windows 7 is also enhanced to support real-time multimedia application including video playback and 3D games, thus allowing use of DirectX 10 in remote desktop environments. Windows Vista Windows Vista OS was developed by Microsoft for use on personal computers, for example home and business desktops, laptops, tablet PCs, and media center PCs.Window Vista uses Kernel type :Hybrid.Windows Vista was known by its codename Longhorn .Microsofts primary stated objective with Windows Vista has been to improve the state of security in the Windows operating system. Windows Vista contains many changes and new features, including an updated graphical user interface visual style dubbed Windows Aero a redesigned search function multimedia tools including Windows DVD Maker redesigned networking, audio, print, display sub-systems. Vista aims to increase the level of communication between machines on a home network, using peer-to-peer technology to simplify sharing files and digital media between computers and devices. Windows Vista includes version 3.0 of the .NET Framework, allowing software developers to write applications without traditional Windows APIs. Features Windows Vista revised and incorporated new features and functionalities not present in its predecessors, especially those from Windows XP. End-user Windows Explorer in Windows Vista  · Aero:is a new hardware-based graphical user interface is named Windows Aero, which is to be more cleaner and aesthetically pleasing than those of previous Windows versions, including new transparencies, live thumbnails, live icons, and animations, thus providing a new level of eye candy.  · Shell: is significantly different from Windows XP, offering a new range of organization, navigation, and search capabilities  · Instant seach, Windows Vista features a new way of searching called Instant Search, which is significantly faster and more in-depth (content-based) than the search features found in any of the previous versions of Windows.[20]  · Sidebar,A transparent panel anchored to the side of the screen where a user can place Desktop Gadgets, which are small applets designed for a specialized purpose  · Explore7, New user interface, tabbed browsing, RSS, a search box, improved printing, Page Zoom, Quick Tabs, Anti-Phishing filter, a number of new security protection features, Internationalized Domain Name support (IDN), and improved web standards support.  · Windows Media Player 11, a major revamp of Microsofts program for playing and organizing music and video. New features in this version include word wheeling (or search as you type), a new GUI for the media library, photo display and organization, the ability to share music libraries over a network with other Windows Vista machines, Xbox 360 integration, and support for other Media Center Extenders.  · Mail, A replacement for Outlook Express that includes a new mail store that improves stability, and features integrated Instant Search. It has the Phishing Filter like IE7 and Junk mail filtering that is enhanced through regular updates via Windows Update.  · Calander is a new calendar and task application.  · Photo Gallery, a photo and movie library management application. It can import from digital cameras, tag and rate individual items, adjust colors and exposure, create and display slideshows and burn slideshows to DVD.  · DVDs Maker, a companion program to Windows Movie Maker that provides the ability to create video DVDs based on a users content. Users can design a DVD with title, menu, video, soundtrack, pan and zoom motion effects on pictures or slides.  · Media Centerwhich was previously exclusively bundled in a separate version of Windows XP, known as Windows XP Media Center Edition, has been incorporated into the Home Premium and Ultimate editions of Windows Vista.  · Games Explorer: Games included with Windows have been modified to showcase Vistas graphics capabilities. New games are Chess Titans, Mahjong Titans and Purble Place. A new Games Explorer special folder contains shortcuts and information to all games on the users computer.  · Speech reconginationis integrated into Vista. It features a redesigned user interface and configurable command-and-control commands. Unlike the Office 2003 version, which works only in Office and WordPad, Speech Recognition in Windows Vista works for any accessible application. In addition, it currently supports several languages: British and American English, Spanish, French, German, Chinese (Traditional and Simplified) and Japanese. Core The complete restructuring of the architecture of the audio, print, display, and networking subsystems; although the results of this work are visible to software developers, end-users will only see what appear to be evolutionary changes in the user interface. Vista includes technologies such as ReadyBoost and ReadyDrive which employ fast flash memory (located on USB drives and hybrid hard disk drives) to improve system performance by caching commonly used programs and data. This manifests itself in improved battery life on notebook computers as well, since a hybrid drive can be spun down when not in use. The new technology called SuperFetch uses machine learning techniques to analyze usage patterns to allow Vista to make intelligent decisions about what content should be present in system memory at any given time. It uses almost all the extra RAM as disk cache. In conjunction with SuperFetch, automatic built-in Windows Disk Defragmenter makes sure that applications are strategically positioned on the hard disk where they can be loaded into memory quickly As part of the redesign of the networking architecture, IPv6 is fully incorporated into the OS and a number of performance improvements have been introduced, such as TCP window HYPERLINK http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TCP_window_scale_optionscaling. For graphics, Vista introduces a new Windows Display Driver Model and a major revision to Direct3D. The new driver model facilitates the new Desktop Window Manager, which provides the tearing-free desktop and special effects that are the cornerstones of Windows Aero. At the core of the OS many improvements have been made to the memory manager, process scheduler and I/O scheduler. The Heap Manager implements additional features such as integrity checking in order to improve robustness and defend against buffer overflow security exploits, A Kernel Transaction Manager has been implemented that enables applications to work with the file system and Registry using atomic transaction operations. Linux linux development is one of the examples of free and open source software collaboration; typically all the underlying source code can be used, freely modified, and redistributed, both commercially and non-commercially, by anyone under licenses such as the GNU General Public License. Linux installed on a wide variety of computer hardware, ranging from embedded devices such as mobile phones and wristwatche. to mainframes and supercomputers.Linux is predominantly known for its use in servers; Technical features Linux supports true preemptive multitasking (both in user mode and kernel mode), virtual memory, shared libraries, demand loading, shared copy-on-write executables, memory management, the Internet protocol suite, and threading. Architecture Linux kernel map and bigger Interactive mapLinux is a monolithic kernel. Device drivers and kernel extensions run in kernel space, with full access to the hardware, although some exceptions run in user space. The graphics system most people use with Linux doesnt run in the kernel, Kernel mode preemption allows device drivers to be preempted under certain conditions. This feature was added to handle hardware interrupts correctly and improve support for symmetric multiprocessing (SMP). Preemption also improves latency, increasing responsiveness and making Linux more suitable for real-time applications. Kernel panic In Linux, a panic is an unrecoverable system error detected by the kernel as opposed to similar errors detected by user space code. It is possible for kernel code to indicate such a condition by calling the panic function located in the header file sys/system.h. However, most panics are the result of unhandled processor exceptions in kernel code, such as references to invalid memory addresses. These are typically indicative of a bug somewhere in the call chain leading to the panic. They can also indicate a failure of hardware, such as a failed RAM cell or errors in arithmetic functions in the processor caused by a processor bug, overheating/damaged processor, or a soft error. Linux is a monolithic kernel rather than a microkernel .The debate started in 1992 about Linux and kernel architecture in general on the Usenet. Unlike traditional monolithic kernels, device drivers are easily configured as Loadable Kernel Modules, and loaded or unloaded while running the system. Programming languages Linux version of the C programming language supported by number of short sections of code written in the of the target architecture. Intel claimed to have modified the kernel so that its C compiler also was capable of Many other languages are used in some way, primarily in connection with the kernel build process These include Perl, Python, and various shell scripting languages. Some drivers may also be written in C++, Fortran, or other languages, but this is strongly discouraged. Linuxs build system only officially supports GCC as a kernel and driver compiler. Portability While not originally designed to be portable, Linux is now one of the most widely ported operating system kernels, running on a diverse range of systems from the iPAQ , IBM System z9. Linux runs as the main operating system on IBMs Blue Gene supercomputers. Also, Linux has been ported to various handheld devices such as TuxPhone and Apples iPod. The Android operating system, developed for mobile phone devices, uses the Linux kernel. Virtual machine architectures The Linux kernel has extensive support for and runs on many virtual machine architectures both as the host operating system and as a client operating system. The virtual machines usually emulate Intel x86 family of processors, though in a few cases PowerPC or AMD processors are also emulaed. Mac OS X Tiger Mac OS X Tiger v10.4 is the fifth major release of Mac OS X,uses kernel Apples desktop and server operating system for Macintosh computers. Tiger is also the first version of any released Apple operating system to work on Apple-Intel architecture machines (Apple machines using x86 processors).Tiger the longest running version of Mac OS X which was included with all new Macintosh computers. Features End-user features Apple advertises that Tiger has 200+ features, including: * Spotlight Spotlight is a full-text and metadata search engine, which can search everything from Word documents to iCal calendars to Address Book cards, as well as any text within PDF files. * iChat AV The new iChat AV 3.0 in Tiger can supports up to four participants in a video conference and ten participants in an audio conference. It also now supports communication using the XMPP protocol. A XMPP server called iChat Server is included on Mac OS X Tiger Server. * Safari RSS The new Safari 2.0 web browser in Tiger features a built-in reader for RSS and Atom web syndication that can be accessed easily from an RSS button in the address bar of the web browser window. * Mail 2 The new version of Mail.app email client included in Tiger featured an updated interface, Smart Mailboxes which utilize the Spotlight search system, parental controls, as well as several other features. * Dictionary/Thesaurus based on the New Oxford American Dictionary, Second Edition, accessible through an application, Dictionary, a Dashboard widget, and as a system-wide command . * .Mac syncing in Tiger are now accomplished through the .Mac system preferences pane rather than the iSync application. * QuickTime 7 A new version of Apples multimedia software has support for the new H.264/AVC codec which offers better quality and scalability than other video codecs. . * Xcode 2.0 Xcode 2.0, Apples Cocoa development tool now includes visual modelling, an integrated Apple Reference Library and graphical remote debugging. * Automator Automator uses workflows to process repetitive tasks automatically * Grapher Grapher is a new application capable of creating 2D and 3D graphs similar to that of Graphing Calculator. * Quartz Composer is a development tool for processing and rendering graphical data.  · AU Lab AU Lab is a developer application for testing and mixing Audio Units. * An upgraded kernel which optimized kernel resource locking and access control lists, and with support for 64-bit userland address spaces on machines with 64-bit processors. * An updated libSystem with both 32-bit and 64-bit versions; with the kernel change, this allows individual applications to address more than 4GB of memory when run on 64-bit processors. * A new startup daemon called launchd that allows for faster boots. * A new graphics processing API, Core Image, leveraging the power of the available accelerated graphics cards. * Core Image allows programmers to easily leverage programmable GPUs for fast image processing for special effects and image correction tools.for example Image Units included are Blur, Color Blending, Generator Filters, Distortion Filters, Geometry Filters, Halftone features and much more. * A new video graphics API, Core Video, which leverages Core Image to provide real-time video processing. Core Audio integrates a range of audio functionality directly into the operating system. The Apple TV, was ships with a customized version of Mac OS X v10.4 branded Apple TV OS that replaces the usual graphical user interface with an updated version of Front Row. Mac OS X Snow Leopard Mac OS X Snow Leopard v 10.6 is the seventh release of Mac OS X, Apples desktop and server Unix-based operating system. This version of Mac OS X focuses on improving performance, efficiency and reducing its overall memory footprint , rather than new end-user features. This is also the first Mac OS release since the introduction of System 7.1.2 that does not support the PowerPC architecture, as Apple now intends to focus on its current line of Intel-based products. Leopard, the company has acknowledged that there is no technical barrier preventing a direct upgrade from Mac OS X v10.4 Tiger. The recommended upgrade path for OS X Tiger is through the current release of the Mac Box Set, which includes OS X Snow Leopard, iLife 09, and iWork 09. Snow Leopard does not support PowerPC-based Macs (e.g., Power Macs, PowerBooks, iBooks, iMacs (G3-G5), all eMacs, although PowerPC applications are supported via Rosetta, which is now an optional install. Features * Boot Camp now allows Windows partitions to read and copy files from HFS+ partitions. The new version also adds support for advanced features on Cinema Displays and a new command-line version of the Startup Disk Control Panel. * The Finder has been completely rewritten in 64-bit Cocoa to take advantage of the new technologies introduced in Snow Leopard. This has resulted in a much smaller OS footprint, taking up about 7 GB less space than Mac OS X v10.5. iChat enhancements include greater resolution video chats in iChat Theater and lowered upload bandwidth requirements. * Microsoft Exchange support is now integrated into the Mail, Address Book, and iCal applications. However, only Microsoft Exchange 2007 is supported and customers using prior versions of Exchange must either upgrade or use Microsoft Entourage. * Full Multi-touch support has been added to notebooks prior to those introduced in October 2008.While the original MacBook Air and other early multi-touch enabled notebooks had support for some gestures, they were unable to use four-finger gestures. This limitation has now been removed in Snow Leopard. * Preview now has artificial intelligence algorithms that allow it to infer the structure of a paragraph in a PDF document. * QuickTime X, the next version of QuickTime player and multimedia framework, has been completely rewritten into a full 64-bit Cocoa application and builds on the media technologies in Mac OS X, such as Core Audio, Core Video, and Core Animation, to deliver playback. QuickTime X also supports HTTP live streaming and takes advantage of ColorSync to provide high-quality color reproduction. If Snow Leopard is installed on a Mac with an nVidia GeForce 9400M graphics card, QuickTime X will be able to use its video-decoding capabilities to reduce CPU load. * Safari 4 features Top Sites, Cover Flow, VoiceOver, expanded standards support, and built-in crash resistance, which prevents browser crashes caused by plug-ins by running them in separate processes. Safari 4 is not new to Snow Leopard, as it is available for free in Mac OS X 10.4 (Tiger) and 10.5 (Leopard). * Time Machine connection establishment and backups are now much faster. * Putting aside these important but long-term changes, here are Snow Leopards most immediately beneficial new features and enhancements. * ActiveSync Following in the footsteps of the iPhone, Snow Leopard makes these Microsoft technologies native to the OS.This giving users the same capabilities as with the better-designed, less-memory-intensive apps Mail, iCal, and Address Book included in OS X. * Exposà © integration in the Dock The Mac OS X Dock makes it easy to access applications, open documents, and common folders.Open documents are even more easily accessed in Snow Leopard, thanks to the integration of Exposà ©. click and hold an app icon in the Dock, you get preview windows for each of its open documents, allowing you to switch easily among them or to close them, all without having to clutter your screen with document windows. * Automatic location detection Snow Leopard changes the time zone for you automatically (if you set that as the default behavior), using Wi-Fi mapping to figure out where you are you will need to be connected to a Wi-Fi access point or router. iCal can also be set to adjust the times to the current time zone automatically, so your calendar always reflects the current times. * The new Preview now can open multiple PDF documents, display their contents as contact sheets, and show thumbnails of pages in a sidebar for easy navigation. In other words, it works a lot like Adobe Reader. Thats one fewer app to launch and since Preview loads much faster than Reader, you can get PDFs contents much faster now. * Movie and screencast recording Snow Leopard takes the formerly QuickTime Pro and makes it a standard, free app in Mac OS X. That means you can record movies and great for many marketing, education, and Web professionals screencasts from your Mac with no additional software. * Systemwide automatic text replacement Snow Leopard lets you specify such substitutions via the Keyboard system preference, so you have a common set of substitutions available to all applications. Right now, only TextEdit, Mail, and various Apple apps use this common auto-text service, but if other software developers adopt it, you may finally get all your text-oriented apps to autocorrect the same way. * No more gesture segregation Snow Leopard fixes that, so gesture-capable trackpads now support all gestures, no matter what Mac model you have. (Of course, your Mac has to have a gesture-capable trackpad, so models before 2006 arent helped out by this update.) 64-bit architecture Mac OS X Tiger added limited support for 64-bit applications on machines with 64-bit processors; Leopard extended the support for 64-bit applications to include applications using most of Mac OS Xs libraries and frameworks. In addition, the Mac OS X kernel has been rebuilt to run in 64-bit mode on some machines. On those machines, Snow Leopard supports up to 16 terabytes of RAM. Newer Xserve and Mac Pro machines will run a 64-bit kernel by default; newer iMac machines can run a 64-bit kernel, but will not do so by default. Users wishing to use the 64-bit kernel on those machines must hold down the numbers 6 and 4 on the keyboard while booting to get the 64-bit kernel to load. A change to the com.apple.Boot.plist will also enable users with compatible computers to permanently boot into 64-bit for those wishing to do so. Security An anti-malware feature was added to the system that alerts the user if malware is detected. Despite the lack of ASLR, Apple has strengthened OS X by implementing stack protection, and sandboxing more OS X components such as the H.264 decoder in QuickTime and browser plug-ins as a separate process in Safari.

Special Education :: essays research papers

â€Å"Do Special Education Teachers influence a student’s academic success?†   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  I have been a Special Education Para-Educator for eleven years now. My decision to do this was based on the needs of my family and kids. When my last child was born, the doctors did not think that he would make it. He had a heart malfunction and was born with RSV and Von Villibrantds disease (which I did not find out until he was three); those factors lead me to want to work with special education kids, knowing that I could make a difference.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  When I was twenty –three I went to college to get my science degree, thinking that was all that I would need before I could go for my Bachelor in teaching. I was wrong. I am now going back to school, for my second half of the degree, which is my arts, and then I can go for my BA.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  I have worked with many teachers in this line of work and have watched how they interact with the kids. I have worked with all kinds of kids with special needs, ranging from reading disabilities to severe mental retardation. Some of the teachers that I have worked with, I have not approved of their tactics on how they handled the kids, but you learn and you adapt. Eventually you will know what is right and what is wrong.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  I started working for the school district and really enjoyed working with the kids, but they were only mild special education, kids who had reading problems or language barriers, some with more severe problems. I knew that I wanted something more challenging.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  I realize that it will take me a few years since I will only be able to go part time as I will still be working as a Para educator, but that is fine by me. I enjoy being a Para educator and working with the students that I am with. Right now, I work with students that are classified as â€Å"Developmentally Delayed Behavioral Disorder† (DD/BD). These students have severe problems and can be violent when they don’t get their way. You can get hurt on the job, these particular kids will curse at you, spit on you, hit and kick you, and even throw things at you. However, it is worth it when you realize that something that you taught them has clicked in and they are listening to you.

Rabindranath Tagore Contribution Towards Education

What are the contributions of Mahatma Gandhi in Education? SWASTIK Historical Development of Basic Edcuation Mahatma Gandhi explained the concept of Basic Education through a series of articles in his Harijan magazine in 1937. In the conference at Wardha after a detailed discussion about Gandhiji's articles the scheme of Basic Education took shape under the leadership of Dr. Zakir Hussain. The following four resolutions were passed. (i) Free and compulsory education should be given to all children for a period of seven years. (ii) The medium of instruction should be the mother tongue, iii) The process of education should be centred round some form of manual production work in the shape of a craft. (iv) This education should be self-supporting to some extent. The Central Advisory Board of Education set up a Committee under the Chairmanship of Sri B. G. Kher to suggest measures for implementing these resolutions. Then another Committee was appointed under the same Chairman to recommend action coordinating the Basic Education with higher education. The recommendations of both these Committees were approved by the CABE and included in the Report on Post-war Educational Development in India. Also read: Woman Unknown by Rabindranath TagoreIn 1944, although Govts, both at the national and state levels accepted Basic Education as the national pattern, progress in its implementation was not satisfactory. Merits of Basic Education (1) Work as a central place: Since work occupies a central place in life, it had an important place in Basic Education. Dignity of labour was emphasized by him and work was made an integral part of this education. (2) A new method of teaching: Through Basic Education Gandhiji introduced a new method of teaching. This method is to teach all subjects through crafts and taken as activity-centred meant to free children from tyranny of words and cramming. 3) Self-supporting education: As a corollary to craft-centred education, it was visualized by Gandhiji that schools need be self- supporting. The carfts organized scientifically would result in more production and the sale-proceeds must fetch a good income. (4) Socially sound system of education: Basic education was sound sociologically. The then class-labour and chasm between mental and physical labour and the spirit of dependence on others were required to be removed from the society. In short, Basic education was intended to eradicate many ills of the society. 5) Training for Citizenship: Basic education was providing for training students in democratic living and practices. It was aiming at forming positive attitudes, creating interests and appreciation, developing understanding and imparting skills in citizenship. On the whole, it was a training citizenship. Drawbacks in Basic Education (1) Selection of Crafts: Since craft was occupying an important place in Basic school curriculum, selection of a suitable craft was determining the success and efficiency of Basic Education. But most of the schools followed the trodden path or tereotyped process without bothering for the local conditions and needs. For example, in the areas where cotton was not grown and had to be brought from a long distance, weaving was introduced as a craft even in those areas. (2) The Principles of Correlation: In Basic schools every subject was being taught through a craft. The principle of correlation was tried to be adopted in all subjects, but in real situation it was done as a ritual without any sincerity or seriousness. In fact, correlation was a slogan and fiction. (3) The Idealism of self-sufficiency:It was complained that the schools cannot be made self-sufficient with the production by children. The concept of self-sufficiency was thought to be idealism and was not emphasized by most of the teachers and inspecting officers. Products by unskilled hands were not selling well and fetching adequate income. Rather Basic Schools were more expensive than traditional schools. (4) The Principles of Equality: Although Basic Education was visualized to be socially sound for removing the existing disparities, it was rather aggravating the situation.It was tending to be meant for the ch ildren of poor labourers and farmers only and children of high class families were not going to these schools. The gulf between poor and rich classes rather widened due to Basic Education. (5) Proper Orientation and Understanding: Basic schools called for highly qualified and well-equipped teachers for properly teaching subjects through correlation and organizing crafts with efficiency. But in fact many teachers employed in such schools were lacking proper understanding of the Basic Education principles and desired orientation with the idealism or values impregnated in the system.Present Condition Although Basic Education faced a sorry state of affairs many of its principles are still appreciated for their practical value and psychology as well as sociological importance. The Kothari Commission, 1964-66 endorsed a large number of its essential features like work experience, community living, community service, citizenship training, world brotherhood, social and spiritual values and integrating knowledge with experience and so no. After a lapse of more than three decades a National Education conference was convened by Shriman Narayan at Sevagram in 1972 where Basic Education was praised by many.A resolution was passed with consensus of all Education Ministers and Vice Chancellors who attended the conference, â€Å"education at all levels should be imparted through socially useful and productive activity, linked with economic growth and development in both rural and urban areas†. The Iswarbhai Patel Committee supported most of the principles of Basic Education with great stress on work education or socially useful productive work. The UNESCO Commission Report â€Å"Learning to Be† also used the term Basic Education for Primary Education and laid emphasis on many forms of social and economic activities to be organized in the schools.The Basic Education system has been hailed as â€Å"the ideal solution for the reform of teaching methods in Indian S chools† by Dr. Gunnar Myrdal, the celebrated author of â€Å"Asian Drama† and as â€Å"one of the most interesting and promising developments in Indian Education† by Prof. Castle the renowned writer of â€Å"Education for self-help†. It goes without saying that India would have been a happier place at present, if the useful features of Basic Education had been given effect to with sincerity of all concerned.

Composition II †Mid Term Exam

Composition II – Mid Term Exam Free Online Research Papers Composition II Mid Term Exam Part One: Correct or mark mistakes of all and revise at least 10 of the following passages. Please number your answer by order. 1)In such situation, you will really wish that you had four stomachs like a cow. Usually, I will choose the romantic French restaurant, but the south American passion just gets into me. Well, we choose the grill, and the other one can be reserved for some other day†¦. And so here I am, enjoying the tasty barbecue. This is how my vacation on a cruise will go. Anyway, I bet it will be fun on this epicurean paradise. Of course, if it would be true. 2)Most of us love sweet food. When we walk by a bakery, we stop our feet and stare at the tasty cakes and bread. We imagine the sweetest taste and get our money out of packets to buy happiness, a piece of cake. Have you ever thought that we can make happiness or even give a surprise for our relatives and friends? 3)Not only does it tell us that we human beings might become cruel to the machines and robots in the future just because we think that they would not feel pain and sad, it also implies how we treat other races. 4)Will was sent to jail after he hit a cop. Lambeaua offered help for Will to get out of jail on the condition that Will had to study math with Lambeaua and met with a therapist. Lambeaua didn’t read many books and have the intelligence like Will, but he knew that Will was a genius who was quite different from others; he knew that Will would deserve a promising future, a much better life than any of his buddies’. 5)The heated bottom bulb will make the air expand in the bulb, and the expanded air consequently forces the water to go through the tube into the upper bulb. 6)Coffee has been planted in many countries, and we can find different tastes from different countries. If you feel that only drinking black coffee is too bitter, you can choose mocha that is very popular and has half of milk and without bitter taste. There are also people drinking coffee when they want to stay up late. Coffee is really miraculous to people. But who found it? There are two famous legends of it. 7)She’s the person who understands me most, the only one whom I truly trust. I want to thank her for all the help, encouragement and happy times she gave me. I want to tell her for the 1,001th time how much I cherish the relationship with her. †¦But when I sang in front of the people, who really cared for me? To be specific, I can’t recall even once. 8)The pretty woman stayed in town and spent the rest of her life, as most women would do: marrying the man she loved, having children, taking care of the house, etc. As to the two writers, they both left the town for different places to learn the skills for making better music. They set apart from each other and finally lost contact. Although their friendship could not last forever, the funny love story that happened among them would be known and passed down to their offspring through the song. 9)Every one has his own position, so does a country. Most of the western countries might think of themselves as delivers to people in the deep distress when they invade the miserable countries. It might be right in a sense. However, when it comes to the position of the dwellers in Iraq, they think the western countries just take advantage of them with some elegant and stately excuses. Take the revenge of US for the 911 attack as an example. At that time most of the world, narrowly speaking, except the so-called Third World, opposed to it. But people who get used to the capitalism would stand on the side of US in a beneficial point of view. 10)For example, do you know that after a person listens to heavy metal music, he would eat double amount of food than usual? Does this knowledge amaze you? If yes, then I bet that you will find more surprise in Discovery Channel. 11)I have a dream, a dream of having a husband whom I want. I often dream about the situation in a movie â€Å"Sweet Alabama†. In the movie, the protagonist is a fashion designer in New York, and she comes from Alabama. She makes her name for herself in fashion circle and does a good job. A senator’s son falls in love with her. He proposes to her and lets her choose the ring she wants in Tiffany shop on the 5th Avenue. 12)Eventually, Chihiro didn’t look back and went through the tunnel smoothly. When I saw this scene, I felt kind of familiar to me. And then I found that I had read a story that had the similar situation: the story about Orpheus and Eurydice in Greek mythology. 13)There will be no one who can make his or her records continue like Yanzi, a beautiful and talented singer. Except herself, no one can replace her status. 14)Deborah is one of my classmates in the university. From once chatting with her, I find how special she is. She is a devout Christian who I have never known before, and so are her families. In her opinion, God is the power to everything. If she is lazy or hesitant to do something, she will recall God’s words or discipline to deal with the problems. Therefore, God plays an important role in her life, affecting her personality and philosophy of life. She is also deeply influenced by her parents. 15)When I first met her I got an impression that she was a long hair, tall, and elegant girl who seemed to be about my age. But to my surprise, after a pleasant talk, I knew that she was nearly in her thirties! Her name was Bellona, an expansive and outspoken girl to talk with. 16)The first time when I watched this program was seven years ago. I was board with two teenaged daughters then in New Zealand. On weekend nights, the two girls would show up in the living room on time, waiting for the show to start. At first, I couldn’t understand their strange behavior. I even doubted whether it was worthy to be watched or not. 17)Both of us were tired so we went to bed soon after taking showers. 18)Parrots are strongly fond of snacks, especially the nuts and sunflower seeds. You can simply call their names and give them food. As time goes by, they will get used to your whispers. Part Two: Choose one from the following topics to write a short essay (around 1000 words, viz., about two pages). Be sure your composition is in standard English, well organized, and free of mistakes either in grammar or spelling. (title 5%, content 15%, diction 5%, structure 15%, style 10%, 50% in total) 1.Look at your future. What will, might, should it be like? Write about what you should, must, can do now in order to make your life what you want it to be. 2.Describe an ideal person, place, or object, for example, an ideal leader, an ideal world (a Utopia?), an ideal cell phone, etc. Be sure to give details and specifications (say, geography, climate, social customs, rituals, and so forth). 3.Write about SAARS, the War in Iraq, or any kind of crises. How to deal with the problem? Give explanations, solutions or advice to your reader. Use pronouns â€Å"I† and â€Å"You† in your essay. 4.Write about two historical figures from our country. Give your reader information about their lives and accomplishments. Compare or contrast them. 5.Introduce some people who were/are popular in Asia (e.g., singers, movie stars, political figures, etc.). Assume your readers are completely unfamiliar with them. Research Papers on Composition II - Mid Term ExamThe Effects of Illegal ImmigrationPersonal Experience with Teen PregnancyCapital PunishmentComparison: Letter from Birmingham and CritoHip-Hop is ArtMind TravelWhere Wild and West Meet19 Century Society: A Deeply Divided EraThe Spring and AutumnThe Hockey Game

A Quiz About Clarity

A Quiz About Clarity A Quiz About Clarity A Quiz About Clarity By Mark Nichol Writers usually don’t mean to be duplicitous when they write one thing when they mean another; it’s just that what they intended to communicate is not what they communicated. The following sentences demonstrate some of the types of misunderstandings that result from careless composition. Try your hand at repairing the damage, and then take a look at my solutions at the bottom of the page: 1. â€Å"The postwar suburban ideal was a Cadillac and a fur coat like a movie star.† 2. â€Å"His legacy was also one of social revolutionary, humanitarian, and artist.† 3. â€Å"A letter can be mailed via the Pony Express reenactors for the 1860 price of $5.† 4. â€Å"That established history is being challenged by a rare book collector and author, John Doe and Jane Smith.† 5. â€Å"Although DNA testing is highly effective, those involved in criminal investigations do not always use it because of its high cost.† Answers 1. The sentence implies that the ideal was ownership of two things: a Cadillac, and a fur coat that resembles a movie star. We know it means possessing a Cadillac and a fur coat, as movie stars were wont to do, but the sentence fails because it doesn’t explicitly state that. This revision does: â€Å"The postwar suburban ideal was driving a Cadillac and wearing a fur coat, like a movie star.† 2. The subject’s legacy cannot be that of someone with these identities, but it can be associated with that of such a person: â€Å"His legacy was that of a social revolutionary, humanitarian, and artist.† 3. The final phrase of this sentence lacks clarity. The point is that in 1860, sending a letter by Pony Express cost $5, and that today, for the same amount a more modest total than it was about 150 years ago one can send a letter on a commemorative ride carried out by reenactors. The sentence should be revised to make this relationship clearer: â€Å"A letter can be mailed via the Pony Express reenactors for the same fee it cost in 1860: $5.† 4. As written, this sentence suggests that the challenger is a book collector and author who is rare, and that the person’s name is John Doe and Jane Smith. Hyphenating rare and book to demonstrate that they team up to modify collector, and recasting the sentence to join each single epithet to the respective name, makes all clear: â€Å"That established history is being challenged by a rare-book collector, John Doe, and author Jane Smith.† 5. DNA testing is not always used of its high cost? Then why is it always used? Back up a little bit the sentence means that DNA testing’s high cost restricts the frequency of its use. This important distinction is conveyed with the simple reversal of two phrases and the insertion of a comma between them: â€Å"Although DNA testing is highly effective, because of its high cost, those involved in criminal investigations do not always use it.† Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Grammar category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:How Many Tenses in English?50 Idioms About Fruits and VegetablesI wish I were...

Advanced Obstetrics for Paramedics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Advanced Obstetrics for Paramedics - Essay Example In certain cases, the signs and symptoms typically occur in 6-8 weeks after the normal menstrual period, but ectopic pregnancy may occur later. In some of the cases, nausea along with breast discomfort, low blood pressure, weakness, dizziness and pale skin can be noticed amid the patient (Stà ¶ppler, 2013). Considering the fact that different sites of possible ectopic pregnancy implantation will influence patients’ presentation, it can be ascertained that the treatment of ectopic pregnancy requires implantation and actual removal of the affected parts of a body. In some of these cases, Fallopian tube requires either pharmacologic or surgical management. Pharmacologic management with the doses of methotrexate is necessary for effective treatment. Sometimes, the linear salpingostomy surgery is performed, if a patient desires to become pregnant in future. It is thus anticipated that proper treatment and effective nursing care will certainly help in providing effective and proper treatment to the patients under the circumstance of ectopic pregnancy (American Society for Reproductive Medicine, 2014). It is worth mentioning that the notion of Perinatal morbidity and mortality includes stillbirth and the death of newborn babies within the first 28 days of the birth. According to the latest report of the Australian Bureau of Statistics published in the year 2012, 2,558 perinatal deaths were reported due to Perinatal morbidity and mortality (Australian Bureau of Statistics, 2014). Again, these 2,558 deaths constituted around 1,355 males and 1,203 females. It will be vital to mention in this similar concern that one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality in varied regions of Australia is the haemorrhage from placenta percreta, which results in causing haemoperitoneum, a sign of perinatal morbidity and mortality (Government of South Australia, 2013). Thromboembolic is a disease, which occurs during

Case analysis Scandinavian Airline Systems in 1988 (on vertical Essay

Case analysis Scandinavian Airline Systems in 1988 (on vertical integration) - Essay Example .. 6 2.4 Evaluation of SAS’s Strategies ................................................................ 7 3.0 Conclusion .................................................................................................... 8 Reference List .................................................................................................... 9 Scandinavian Airline Systems in 1988 1.0 Introduction The case study under consideration is pertaining to the airline industry. The quintessential aspects of the airline sector are that since the times of its genesis, it has always been profit driven, innovation dependent, service oriented, capital intensive and cyclical (Morrison & Winston 1995). In fact, it is a sector that has witnessed dramatic changes since 70s (Morrison & Winston 1995). Therefore, the airline that constitutes the focus of this case study, which is Scandinavian Airlines System, is not much different. Like most of what one may call successful airlines, SAS has also gone through altering phases of restructuring and consolidation. The period being discussed in this case study is the one spanning from early 70s to the late 80s. Over the years, SAS has metamorphosed from being a small yet innovative airline catering to a limited and localized customer base, to the one that has evolved into being an important international player. This journey for SAS group has not been sans challenges and difficulties that required strategic thinking and leadership pertaining to all the aspects of this business. In its quest for sustenance, SAS resorted to varied permutations and combinations of restructuring, alliances, vertical and horizontal integration. Aided with an all knowing hind sight, it will be really easy to analyze the decisions taken by the SAS leadership. Yes, it would not change SAS’s past. Still, such an analysis extends an important academic opportunity for learning and practical application of strategic management. 2.0 Analysis and Evaluation 2.1 External Environment and Internal Strategic Capabilities of SAS For the purpose of carrying out the SWOT analysis of SAS, it is imperative to have a desirable objective (Barney & Hesterly 2008). The stated objective is to assure the long term viability of the company in the altered external environment, as it existed in 1988. The major strength of SAS is its strong position in Europe and its global route network (Ghoshal et al. 1988). Right from its conception, the organization had an innovative and aggressive approach towards business (Ghoshal et al. 1988). The airline has a history of striking successful alliances in areas of technology, business processes, product distribution and reservation, an approach which so far has consolidated its position (Ghoshal et al. 1988). SAS has a firm financial footing as compared to its competitors (Ghoshal et al. 1988). It has successfully managed to horizontally restructure itself through employee education and empowerment (Ghoshal et al. 1988). The airline has a strong hold over the business traveller segment (Ghoshal et al. 1988). It has a positive reputation for efficiency, service quality and punctuality (Ghoshal et al. 1988). Through forward vertical integration it has developed into an â€Å"A to Z† airline in terms of product differentiation, product distribution and reservation (Ghoshal et al. 1988; Capon 2008). The organization has besides the airline, four other independent business units, which are profit earning and are

Application of constructivism theory in French Mali intervention Essay

Application of constructivism theory in French Mali intervention - Essay Example Mali faced some civil conflict since January 2012. Northern region of the country, Azawad, majorly occupied by the Islamic believers have been fighting for independence from the Malian government. The rebellious troops, dubbed The National Movement for the Liberation of the Azawad (MNLA) fought the government to liberate Azawad and make it for Tuereg people, and three months later, the troop had taken over the region. The conflict sparked the coup of President Amadou Toure, and another troop dubbed CNRDR took over the nation before suspending the national constitution. Mali became unstable and the rebels took charge of major Malian cities. MNLA was supported by several Islamic militias, and after the MNLA conquer; Islamic laws were introduced in the Northern region of Mali. Later the Islamic and MLNA developed some conflicts. The government sought help from foreign nations to resolve the insecurity and instability in the country, and by January 2013, French military launched some ope rations against the Islamic militias. The operation was successful, since the Malian military took over from the Islamic militia a month later. History indicate that The French military took active role in the fight against the Islamic troops but trained the Malian military on advanced and effective war and defensive tactics, until they took over. The French Military applied the constructivism theory, also called learning theory to train the Malian military. This work is about the application of the constructivism theory in training the Malian troops by the French facilitators and boosting Malian national security. Mali’s national security was compromised when some Islamic rebellious troops launched several attacks in the Northern Mali in 2012 (Cole-Turner, 2001). The French being the former colonial master of Mali were the first to rescue the situation since the country would have turned into a hostile war zone. The first mission was to train the Malian national defensive te am on the application of modern military technologies to fight the religious militia. Constructivism Theory The theory implies that humans apply newly learned knowledge together with prior experience to undertake any duty or make effective decisions. It comes from the word ‘constructs’ which means a special kind of filters in the human body system which carry certain knowledge and tend to change human reality from a certain state of confusion to some kind of order. The constructivism theory has some ties with cognitive as well as biological human systems. The theory is applied in several fields of learning. For instance, it helps pass or grasp some knowledge in experiments, discovery learning, as well as project and task based trainings. This work is about the application of the constructivism theory in training the Malian troops by the French facilitators and boosting Malian national security. Mali’s national security was compromised when some Islamic rebellious troops launched several attacks in the Northern Mali in 2012 (Cole-Turner, 2001). The French being the former colonial master of Mali were the first to rescue the situation since the country would have turned into a hostile war zone. The first mission was to train the Malian national defensive team on the application of modern military technologies to fight the religious militia. The Constructivism theory was first applied in the early 20th century with some neuroscientists who believed that the main role of education is to increase societal knowledge. Experimental learning was encouraged since it tends to provide a practical platform to enable the learner add such knowledge to those learnt in theoretical class (Schein, 2011). The theory was to boost three basic elements of education namely thinking, reflection, as well explorations. The neurosurgeons lament that the theory was developed in certain sequences until it could be proved and applied in the society (Witte, 2007). Some

The Validity of the Developmental Theories Essay Example for Free

The Validity of the Developmental Theories Essay Introduction   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Human nature and its varying and complex behaviors fascinate almost everyone. Although not all are inclined to be able to understand and explicate the details of individual personalities those who do find themselves in confusion many times why some people do things that are at times difficult to comprehend. However, the science of human behavior has indeed helped facilitate thus far, an understanding of human conduct and its nature at various lengths through the theories of human development by prominent theorists (Plotnik, 1996). This paper attempts validate their works by citing the researcher’s own personal timeline and/or development. For a proper and organized treatment of this paper, it will answer the following problem statements: What are the descriptions of Freud (psychosexual), Erikson (psychosocial), and Piaget’s (Cognitive) stages for childhood and adolescent years of development? Are developmental theories applicable to real-life and if so, based on your personal timeline, how (and if not, how not)? Discussion What are the descriptions of Freud (psychosexual), Erikson (psychosocial), and Piaget’s (Cognitive) stages for childhood and adolescent years of development?   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Development does not end once a person reaches maturity, but continues throughout life. Developmental psychologists seek to describe ad analyze the regularities of human development across the entire life span. It focuses primarily on these aspects of development that make us similar to one another (Atkinson et al., 1993).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Sigmund Freud hypothesized that each of us goes through five psychosexual stages. These are five different developmental periods – oral, anal, phallic, latency, and genital stages – during which the individual seeks pleasure from different areas of the body associated with sexual feelings. Freud emphasized that the child’s first five years are the most important to social and personality development (Atkinson et al, 1993). The stages of oral, anal, phallic, latency and genital stages are controversial and highly debatable concepts which Freud originated. Freud pointed out that satisfying one of the child’s needs becomes a source of potential conflict between the child, who wants immediate gratification, and the parent, who places restrictions on when, where, and how the child’s needs should be satisfied. Freud believed that interactions between parent and child in satisfying these psychosexual needs for example, during breastfeeding or toilet training – greatly influence the child’s social development and future social interactions. Freud’s psychosexual stages are part of his larger psychoanalytic theory of personality (Hilgard et al., 1983, Atkinson, 1993).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Secondly, the psychosocial stage of development is best explained through the theory developed by Erik Erikson. According to Erik Erikson, a child will encounter different kinds of problems in infancy and childhood, which will shape one’s social and personality development. Erikson gave eight psychosocial stages. A child according to Erikson will encounter a particular psychosocial problem at each stage. If he successfully resolves the problem, he will develop a good social trait that will help him/her solve the next problem. If he/she is unsuccessful, he/she will develop a bad social trait that will hinder his or her solving a new problem at the next stage (Atkinson, 1993). His stages include Trust versus mistrust, Autonomy versus Shame doubt, Initiative versus guilt, Industry versus Inferiority, Identity versus Confusion, Intimacy versus Isolation, Generativity versus Stagnation, Integrity versus Despair, comprise each of the description of the periods and the potential problems that may arise during each of the particular period (Halonen Santrock, 1996).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Piaget’s theory of cognitive development refers to how a person perceives, thinks, and gains an understanding of his or her world through the interaction and influence of genetic and learning factors. He has identified the cognitive stages and refers to four different stages – sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational, and formal operational stages – each of which is more advanced than the preceding stage because it involves new reasoning and thinking abilities (Piaget, 1963; Hurlock, 1964). Piaget’s work led to the current view that children are actively involved in their own cognitive development. By active involvement, Piaget meant that children are constantly striving to understand what they encounter, and in such encounters, they form their own guesses or hypotheses about how the world works (Hurlock, 1964). Are developmental theories applicable to real-life and if so, based on your personal timeline, how (and if not, how not)?   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   This paper just briefly introduced three differing explanations of certain aspects of human development and these were the currently accepted theoretical perspectives of human-behavior development. Relating these with the author’s personal development, yes, I could say that the developmental theories are in most cases applicable. Looking at my personal timeline, the observations and generalizations made by Freud, where the struggles in later years such as getting married at an earlier age, joining the army etc., were concerned, many of his concepts had pointedly identified those that are linked with during the early years of my development as compared to Freud’s five psychosexual stages. Terms like fixation and those that may have something to do with his conceptualization of instincts helped me understand many of my personal confusions regarding certain inner/internal struggles in my life (Halonen Santrock, 1996). In addition, Erikson’s description of the psychosocial stages where these are best illustrated during the adolescent years such as identity versus confusion, remembering those carefree years and the subsequent important transition and decision making abilities that need be developed helped me relate a lot to many of my adventures and misadventures as a youth, His apt and keen analysis of these stages helped me then and makes me feel at ease concerning   the anticipated times or periods of years ahead (Atkinson et al., 1993; Hurlock, 1964). In addition, Piaget’s poignant attention to children’s cognitive development helped me realize why I was so interested in peewee wrestling at such a tender young age.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   It is always worthwhile to spend ample time thinking and studying the many-faceted dimensions of human persona, from physical to cognitive and psychological areas among others. It has contributed a lot to my personal understanding of self-awareness and the development of the consciousness and sensitivity of what other humans like me are going through. It caters to a deeper understanding as well as acceptance of people’s frailties, and also their strengths. Freud, Piaget and Erikson’s theories indeed were validated basing on my personal timeline/story; no wonder that these three theories are almost forever cemented as classics in the understanding and predicting of human behavior.       Reference: Atkinson, R.L., R.C. Atkinson, E.E. Smith, D.J. Bem, and S. Nolen-Hoeksema. 1993. Introduction to psychology. Orlando, FL: Harcourt Brace and Company. Halonen, J.S. and J.W. Santrock (1996). Psychology: Contexts of behavior, Dubuque, IA: Brown and Benchmark, p.810. Hilgard, E.R., R.R. Atkinson, and R.C. Atkinson, (1979)1983. Introduction to psychology.7th Ed. New York: Harcourt brace Jovanich, Inc. Hurlock, E.B. 1964. Child Development. New York: Mc Graw-Hill Book Company. Piaget, J. 1963. The conception of reality in the child. New York: Ballantine Books. Plotnik, R. 1996. Introduction to psychology. 4th ed. Pacific Grove, California 93950: Brooks/Cole Publishing Company. Appendix MAJOR POINTS ON MY PERSONAL TIMELINE: -Birth date is April 28, 1983 -start walking at 14 months; -Travel to Costa Rica with Grandparents at age 40; -start peewee wrestling at age 8 -graduate from junior high at age14/ enter high school; -Got license and buy own car at age 16 -graduated high school at age 18/start college; -Joined the army National Guard at age 19 -got married/have first child at age 21; -Deployed to Iraq at age 23- have twins at age 23 POSSIBLE FUTURE OUTCOMES (age represented is my possible age) Graduate and become nurse by age 27 -move to new city by age 30; -daughter start high school at age 35 -twins start high school at age 38 -daughter graduates high school/starts college at age 39; -Twins graduate high school/start college at age 42 -daughter gets married at age 45 -first grandchild at age 48